Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English - spoil
Связанные словари
Spoil
spoil
past tense and past participle spoiled or spoilt BrE v 1 »RUIN STH« to have a bad effect on something so that it is no longer attractive, enjoyable, useful etc (The countryside has been spoiled by the new freeway. | Don't spoil your sister's birthday by crying at her party. | spoil everything (=completely ruin someone's plan)) (Mom arrived home just then, which spoiled everything.) (- see also spoil/ruin your appetite appetite (1), - see also destroy) 2 »FOOD« to start to decay (Food will spoil if the temperature in your freezer rises above 8°C.) 3 »CHILD« to give a child whatever they want, or let them do what they want, with the result that they behave badly (spoil sb with sth) (Jimmy's grandmother spoils him with toys and candy.) 4 »TREAT KINDLY« to look after someone in a way that is kind or too kind (You know you're spoiling me with all this good cooking. | spoil yourself) (Go on, spoil yourself. Have another piece of cake.) 5 »VOTING PAPER« to mark a ballot paper wrongly so that your vote is not included 6 be spoiling for a fight/argument to be very eager to fight or argue with someone (- see also spoils, spoiler)
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1.
(spoils, spoiling, spoiled, spoilt) Note: American English uses the form 'spoiled' as the past tense and past participle. British English uses either 'spoiled' or 'spoilt'. 1. If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory. It’s important not to let mistakes spoil your life... Peaceful summer evenings can be spoilt by mosquitoes. VERB: V n, V n 2. If you spoil children, you give them everything they want or ask for. This is considered to have a bad effect on a child’s character. Grandparents are often tempted to spoil their grandchildren whenever they come to visit. VERB: V n • spoilt, spoiled A spoilt child is rarely popular with other children... Oh, that child. He’s so spoiled. ADJ 3. If you spoil yourself or spoil another person, you give yourself or them something nice as a treat or do something special for them. Spoil yourself with a new perfume this summer... Perhaps I could employ someone to iron his shirts, but I wanted to spoil him. He was my man. = pamper VERB: V pron-refl, V n 4. If food spoils or if it is spoilt, it is no longer fit to be eaten. We all know that fats spoil by becoming rancid... Some organisms are responsible for spoiling food and cause food poisoning... VERB: V, V n 5. If someone spoils their vote, they write something illegal on their voting paper, usually as a protest about the election, and their vote is not accepted. (BRIT) They had broadcast calls for voters to spoil their ballot papers... = deface VERB: V n 6. The spoils of something are things that people get as a result of winning a battle or of doing something successfully. True to military tradition, the victors are now treating themselves to the spoils of war... N-PLURAL: usu with supp 7. If you say that someone is spoilt for choice or spoiled for choice, you mean that they have a great many things of the same type to choose from. At lunchtime, MPs are spoilt for choice in 26 restaurants and bars. PHRASE: v-link PHR ...Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary
2.
I. noun Etymology: Middle English ~e, from Anglo-French espuille, from espuiller Date: 14th century 1. a. plunder taken from an enemy in war or from a victim in robbery ; loot b. public offices made the property of a successful party — usually used in plural c. something valuable or desirable gained through special effort or opportunism or in return for a favor — usually used in plural 2. a. spoliation, plundering b. the act of damaging ; harm, impairment 3. an object of plundering ; prey 4. earth and rock excavated or dredged 5. an object damaged or flawed in the making Synonyms: ~, plunder, booty, prize, loot mean something taken from another by force or craft. ~ more commonly ~s applies to what belongs by right or custom to the victor in war or political contest the ~s of political victory. plunder applies to what is taken not only in war but in robbery, banditry, grafting, or swindling a bootlegger's plunder. booty implies plunder to be shared among confederates thieves dividing up their booty. prize applies to ~s captured on the high seas or territorial waters of the enemy the wartime right of seizing prizes at sea. loot applies especially to what is taken from victims of a catastrophe picked through the ruins for loot. II. verb (~ed; also ~t; ~ing) Etymology: Middle English, from espuiller, e~ler, from Latin spoliare to strip of natural covering, de~, from spolium skin, hide — more at spill Date: 14th century transitive verb 1. a. archaic de~, strip b. pillage, rob 2. archaic to seize by force 3. a. to damage seriously ; ruin b. to impair the quality or effect of a quarrel ~ed the celebration 4. a. to impair the disposition or character of by overindulgence or excessive praise b. to pamper excessively ; coddle intransitive verb 1. to practice plunder and robbery 2. to lose valuable or useful qualities usually as a result of decay the fruit ~ed 3. to have an eager desire ~ing for a fight Synonyms: see decay, indulge • ~able...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
3.
v. & n. --v. (past and past part. spoilt or spoiled) 1 tr. a damage; diminish the value of (was spoilt by the rain; will spoil all the fun). b reduce a person's enjoyment etc. of (the news spoiled his dinner). 2 tr. injure the character of (esp. a child, pet, etc.) by excessive indulgence. 3 intr. a (of food) go bad, decay; become unfit for eating. b (usu. in neg.) (of a joke, secret, etc.) become stale through long keeping. 4 tr. render (a ballot paper) invalid by improper marking. 5 tr. (foll. by of) archaic or literary plunder or deprive (a person of a thing) by force or stealth (spoiled him of all his possessions). --n. 1 (usu. in pl.) a plunder taken from an enemy in war, or seized by force. b esp. joc. profit or advantages gained by succeeding to public office, high position, etc. 2 earth etc. thrown up in excavating, dredging, etc. Phrases and idioms be spoiling for aggressively seek (a fight etc.). spoils system US the practice of giving public office to the adherents of a successful party. spoilt for choice having so many choices that it is difficult to choose. Etymology: ME f. OF espoillier, espoille f. L spoliare f. spolium spoil, plunder, or f. DESPOIL ...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
4.
1) вынутый грунт; пустая порода; отвал; кавальер устраивать отвал грунта или кавальер 2) отходы 3) повреждать; портить(ся) 4) макулатурный лист ...Большой Англо-русский Русско-английский политехнический словарь
Англо-русский строительный словарь
6.
1) вынутый 2) вынутый грунт 3) добыча 4) запороть 5) излеживаться 6) отвал 7) портить - spoil part - spoil the flow ...Англо-русский Русско-английский научно-технический словарь
7.
1. сущ. 1) добыча (военная), военные трофеи 2) амер. государственные должности, распределяемые среди сторонников партии, победившей на выборах 2. гл. портить(ся) - be spoiled in transit - spoil prices - spoil the market ...Англо-русский Русско-английский экономический словарь
8.
1. военная добыча, трофеи spoils (of war) —- военная добыча, трофеи to the victors belong the spoils —- трофеи принадлежат победителю 2. оружие, доспехи, взятые у убитого или побежденного врага 3. награбленное добро spoil(s) of thieves —- воровская добыча 4. уст. мародерство, грабеж to give a town up to spoil —- отдать город на разграбление 5. выгода, прибыль the spoils of the chase —- охотничья добыча, трофеи the spoils of office —- привилегии и выгоды, связанные с должностью 6. государственные должности, распределяемые среди сторонников партии, победившей на выборах the spoils of office —- награда за политические услуги сторонникам победившей партии 7. произведение искусства, редкая книга и т. п., приобретенные с большим трудом 8. редк. порча, нанесение вреда 9. редк. вред to do much spoil (up)on smb. —- причинить кому-л. много вреда 10. редк. ам. полигр. бракованный оттиск 11. редк. горн. пустая порода 12. редк. горн. вынутый грунт 13. редк. карт. ничья в карточной игре для пятерых 14. портить to spoil a dish —- (ис)портить блюдо to spoil a joke in the telling —- не суметь передать соль шутки to spoil smb.'s joy —- отравить кому-л. радость to spoil a fountain pen —- сломать авторучку to spoil one's best frock by wearing it too often —- затаскать выходное платье the black eye spoils his beauty —-...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
9.
1. noun 1) usu. pl. or collect. добыча, награбленное добро; the spoils of war - военная добыча, трофеи 2) прибыль, выгода, полученная в результате конкуренции с кем-л. 3) предмет искусства, редкая книга и т.п., приобретенные с трудом 4) pl. государственные должности, распределяемые среди сторонников партии, победившей на выборах 5) вынутый грунт; пустая порода 6) attr. spoils system - распределение государственных должностей среди сторонников партии, победившей на выборах; предоставление государственных должностей за политические услуги 2. v. 1) портить 2) баловать 3) портиться (о продуктах) 4) obs.; book. грабить, отбирать; to spoil the Egyptians bibl. - обкрадывать своих врагов или угнетателей; поживиться за счет врага to be spoiling for coll. - сильно желать чего-л.; изголодаться по чему-л. to be spoiling for a fight - лезть в драку Syn: see pamper ...Англо-русский словарь
10.
- c.1300, from O.Fr. espoillier "to strip, plunder," from L. spoliare "to strip of clothing, rob," from spolium "armor stripped from an enemy, booty;" originally "skin stripped from a killed animal." Sense of "to damage so as to render useless" is from 1563; that of "to over-indulge" is from 1694. Intransitive sense of "to go bad" is from 1692. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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